Q1. The body needs vitamin _____ to produce prothrombin.

1. A
2. D
3. K
4. E

ANSWER: C. K

• Explanation – Vitamin K is a series of fat-soluble vitamins that aid in blood clotting, bone metabolism, and calcium regulation in the blood. Vitamin K is required for the production of prothrombin, a protein and clotting factor involved in blood clotting and bone metabolism. Vitamin K is involved in the formation of proteins in bone, such as Osteocalcin, which is required to keep bones from deteriorating.

READ MORE – Food Science & Technology Quiz (02-04-2022)

Q2. ____________ metabolism is related to calcium, phosphorus, vitamin K and iron.

1. Vitamin A
2. Vitamin D
3. Vitamin E
4. Vitamin K

ANSWER: B. Vitamin D

• Explanation: Vitamin D is a unique nutrient in that it can be obtained both from food and through the sun’s effect on the skin. Vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) and vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) are the two most common forms of vitamin D. (cholecalciferol). Only the side-chain structure of vitamin D2 and D3 differs. Vitamin D received from the sun, diet, and supplements are physiologically inactive (either vitamin D2 or vitamin D3) and must be activated by two enzymatic hydroxylation events in the liver and kidney. Calcium, phosphorus, vitamin K, and iron all play a role in vitamin D metabolism.

READ MORE – Food Science & Technology Quiz (12-04-2022)

Q3. Vitamin E has a pronounced effect in infectious diseases where immune____________ is involved but is less effective in the case of cell-mediated immune defenses.

1. Phagocytosis
2. Stimulation
3. Inhibition
4. All of the above

ANSWER: A. Phagocytosis

• Explanation – Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin that comes in numerous forms, but the human body exclusively uses alpha-tocopherols. Vitamin E has now been proved to boost the body’s defenses, improve humoral and cellular immunological responses, and boost phagocytic functions. It has a strong impact on infectious disorders involving immunological phagocytosis, but it is less effective in cell-mediated immune defenses.

READ MORE – Food Science & Technology Quiz (27-04-2022)

Q4. Vitamin A from the human diet exists in the form of?

1. Retinol
2. Retinyl esters
3. β- carotene
4. All of the above

ANSWER – D. All of the above

• Explanation: Preformed vitamin A (retinol, retinyl esters) and provitamin A carotenoids such β-carotene that are converted to retinol are the two main forms of vitamin A in the human diet. Carotenoids have possible antioxidant properties in addition to their role as vitamin A precursors. Vitamin A benefits your health by reducing oxidative stress, increasing your immune system, and protecting you from some diseases.

READ MORE – Food Science & Technology Quiz (27-02-2022)

Q5. ________ is a potent chain-breaking antioxidant that inhibits the production of reactive oxygen species molecules when fat undergoes oxidation

1. Vitamin A
2. Vitamin C
3. Vitamin D
4. Vitamin E

ANSWER:  D. Vitamin E

• Explanation: When fat is oxidized and free radical reactions propagate, vitamin E is a powerful chain-breaking antioxidant that limits the creation of reactive oxygen species molecules. It is predominantly found in cell and organelle membranes, where it can provide the most protection. It protects cell membranes from free radical attack and acts as the first line of defense against lipid peroxidation.

READ MORE – Food Science & Technology Quiz (01-05-2022)

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