Q1. Sterols have a double bond in the sterol ring hence known as _______.

1. Polyunsaturated compounds
2. Cholesterol
3. Unsaturated compounds
4. Trans fat

ANSWER: C. Unsaturated compounds

• Explanation – Sterols are a class of steroid solid alcohols that are primarily unsaturated. Phytosterols (PSs) are divided into two categories: Unsaturated compounds are sterols, which have a double bond in the sterol ring. Stanols are saturated molecules because they lack a double bond in the sterol ring. Vegetables, fruits, legumes, vegetable oils (i.e. safflower, sunflower, corn, soy, olive, canola), and tall oil (a byproduct of the coniferous wood pulp industry) are all common sources.

READ MORE – Food Science & Technology Quiz (01-02-2022)

Q2. __________ are the richest naturally occurring sources of phytosterols.

1. Vegetable oils and their products
2. Cereal products
3. Fruits
4. Vegetables

ANSWER – A. Vegetable oils and their products

• Explanation: Vegetable oils are the richest naturally occurring sources of phytosterols. All plant meals include phytosterols, but unprocessed plant oils, such as vegetables, nuts, and olive oils, have the largest quantities. Phytosterols can also be found in nuts, seeds, whole grains, and legumes. Intakes of dietary phytosterols in different populations have been estimated to range from 150 to 450 mg per day.

READ MORE – Food Science & Technology Quiz (11-02-2022)

Q3. Phytosterols displace cholesterol from ___________and inhibit cholesterol absorption.

1. Liver
2. Lacteals
3. Mixed micelles
4. All of the above

ANSWER: C. Mixed micelles

• Explanation: Phytosterols and phytostanols reduce LDL cholesterol by partially inhibiting cholesterol absorption by displacing cholesterol from mixed micelles in the small intestine. During phytosterol and phytostanol supplementation, cholesterol absorption and synthesis were thoroughly monitored. Phytosterols and phytostanols reduce LDL cholesterol by partially inhibiting cholesterol absorption by displacing cholesterol from mixed micelles in the small intestine. During phytosterol and phytostanol supplementation, cholesterol absorption and synthesis were thoroughly monitored.

READ MORE – Food Science & Technology Quiz (21-02-2022)

Q4.  The intakes of plant sterols and stanols from food products should not exceed ______________ g/day.

1. 3 g/day
2. 5 g/day
3. 10 g/day
4. 15 g/day

ANSWER: A. 3 g/day

• Explanation – An increasing variety of food products with added plant sterols or plant sterol esters have been available to take advantage of the cholesterol-lowering impact. Unfortunately, excessive amounts of plant sterols can lower carotenoids levels in the bloodstream. As a precaution, it is recommended that plant sterol consumption not exceed 3 g per day.

READ MORE – Food Science & Technology Quiz (31-01-2022)

Q5. Which among the following membrane processes reject bacteria, viruses, and suspended solids?

1. Microfiltration, Ultrafiltration, Nanofiltration
2. Microfiltration, Nanofiltration, Reverse Osmosis
3. Ultrafiltration, Nanofiltration, Reverse Osmosis
4. Microfiltration, Ultrafiltration, Reverse Osmosis

ANSWER: C. Ultrafiltration, Nanofiltration, Reverse Osmosis

• Explanation – Viruses cannot pass through microfiltration membranes; however, they can pass through UF, NF, and RO membranes. Microfiltration (MF) is a membrane separation method that uses membranes with pore sizes ranging from 0.05 to 10m and an operating pressure of less than 2 bar to remove particles with an average molecular weight > 400kDa.

READ MORE – Food Science & Technology Quiz (28-02-2022)

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